Stroke and TIA were defined as cases where magnetic resonance imaging was performed in patients with suspected symptoms and diagnosed by a neurologist. Angina pectoris and myocardial infarction were defined as the presence of coronary artery disease as documented by angiography, or an acute coronary syndrome or angina requiring percutaneous coronary intervention or coronary artery bypass grafting surgery. We identified comorbidities, including hypertension, diabetes mellitus (DM), ischemic heart disease such as angina pectoris and myocardial infarction, HF, transient ischemic attack (TIA), and stroke. Baseline demographic and clinical characteristics were collected as follows: age, sex, body mass index (BMI), and pre- and postdialysis systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure. Biospecimens were provided by Gachon University Gil Medical Center Biobank.Īll demographics, clinical data, comorbidities, laboratory values, and medications were collected at study enrollment from the participant’s medical record by a well-trained study coordinator. Written informed consent was obtained from all participants. This study adheres to the Declaration of Helsinki and was approved by the Institutional Review Board at the Gachon University Gil Medical Center (GBIRB2018-224). Patients were censored at the time of kidney transplantation (n = 20), transfer to other dialysis centers (n = 28), loss to follow-up (n = 15), or at the end of follow-up (March 27, 2018). Patients were enrolled for one calendar year between March 2014 and March 2015 and were followed until March 2018. Wendel, Germany) twice (n = 5) or thrice (n = 291) per week using high-flux polysulfone membranes (FX CorDiax 60 Fresenius Medical Care). All patients were treated with a 4-hour HD session (5008S Fresenius Medical Care, St. Specimens were processed on refrigerated packs on the day of collection and transported to the Biobank, where they were aliquoted and stored at –80℃. Predialysis blood samples were collected according to a standardized protocol. Under the Biobank study protocol, blood samples were collected from each patient at baseline and then yearly for up to 5 years. We excluded patients with insufficient clinical data, any physical, mental, or medical condition that prohibited the ability to provide informed consent, and those who withdrew consent before follow-up blood analysis, or who declined to store their blood samples. This cohort included patients who were >18 years of age and consented to preserve their serum in the Biobank at our institution. This study involved participants from a prospective observational cohort of prevalent HD patients at Gachon University Gil Medical Center in Incheon, Republic of Korea. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to investigate whether sST2 and galectin-3 predict adverse outcomes and provide additional prognostic value in maintenance HD patients. However, few studies have investigated these biomarkers in patients with KFRT, which has limited their prognostic value. Some studies have reported that their levels are significantly associated with all-cause mortality in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Food and Drug Administration for clinical use. Both markers have been approved by the U.S. Recent studies have suggested sST2 and galectin-3 as novel biomarkers of heart failure (HF) and independent predictors of CVD and mortality in the general population. Galectin-3 is a β-galactoside-binding lectin that is thought to be involved in inflammation, the induction of cardiac fibrosis, and ventricular remodeling. Soluble suppression of tumorigenicity-2 (sST2), a member of the interleukin (IL)-1 receptor family, is thought to be involved in inflammation, myocardial hypertrophy, and fibrosis by neutralizing the effect of IL-33. These poor survival trends have led to the need for risk stratification and strategies to improve outcomes in patients with KFRT. Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is common in these patients and contributes significantly to mortality, accounting for nearly 50% of all deaths. Although the mortality rate of patients with KFRT has decreased over the past two decades, both morbidity and mortality remain high the adjusted survival for incident hemodialysis (HD) patients three years after the onset of KFRT is 57%. To view the current address, phone number, age, and associates of any adult in Louisville, CO simply click a name listed below.The incidence and prevalence of kidney failure with replacement therapy (KFRT) are both on the increase, and this constitutes a major public health challenge worldwide. Select a Person in Louisville, CO to View Detailsīrowse the list of people in Louisville, CO below.
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